Question 1

The function of the enzyme acyl CoA synthetase is

Accepted Answer

A)   lipolysis to release free glyceraldehyde.
B)   ATP-dependent reduction prior to activation.
C)   ATP-dependent activation of fatty acids using CoA.
D)   Production of acetyl CoA for the TCA cycle
E)   None of the answers is correct.F) D) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 2

The first step of $\beta$ oxidation is a(n) _________-linked oxidation of the fatty acyl chain.

Accepted Answer

flavin

Question 3

Describe the processes that dietary triacylglycerols must go through to be absorbed by intestines and transported in the blood stream.

Accepted Answer

The triacylglycerols must be digested pr...

Question 4

Why is the anhydrous nature of triacylglycerols important in energy efficiency?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates need to be hydrated to be ...

Question 5

Why are triacylglycerols an excellent design for energy stores?

Accepted Answer

A)   They are anhydrous.
B)   They are small.
C)   They are highly reduced.
D)   They are anhydrous, and they are small.
E)   They are anhydrous, and they are highly reduced.F) A) and C)
G) A) and E) E

Question 6

The synthesis of fatty acids takes place in the _____________ of the cell.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The synthesis of fatty acids takes place...

Question 7

What types of reactions do cobalamin enzymes catalyze?

Accepted Answer

A)   intramolecular rearrangements
B)   methylations
C)   reduction of ribonucleotides to deoxyribonucleotides
D)   intramolecular rearrangements and reduction of ribonucleotides to deoxyribonucleotides
E)   All the answers are correct.F) B) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 8

What cholesterol derivatives facilitate the digestion of fats by incorporating dietary triacylglycerols into micelles in the intestine?

Accepted Answer

A)   vitamin D
B)   testosterone
C)   bile acids
D)   aldosterone
E)   None of the answers is correct.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 9

How are unsaturated fatty acids degraded?

Accepted Answer

An unsaturated fatty acid must be converted into a form that can enter the $\beta$-oxidation pathway. For example, in odd-numbered double bonds, the double bond must be converted from one set of carbons to another, which can then be hydrated and oxidized. This requires an isomerase that converts the cis-Δ³ double bond to a trans-Δ² double bond. Even-numbered double bonds are converted via reductase and isomerase reactions. See text Figures 22.11 and 22.12 for further detail.

Question 10

How does fatty acid oxidation differ in peroxisomes?

Accepted Answer

A)   The final product is not acetyl CoA but is succinyl CoA.
B)   NAD+ does not participate in the pathway.
C)   The initial dehydrogenation reaction is different in that electrons are transferred to O2 to yield H2O2.
D)   All oxidations use NAD+ as the oxidizing agent.
E)   None of the answers is correct.F) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 11

What pathway degrades an acyl-CoA into acetyl CoA?

Accepted Answer

A)   acyl transferase cycle
B)   chylomicron cycle
C)   glyoxylate cycle
D)   carnitine cycle
E)    β\betaβ  oxidation F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of a short-lived, local-acting hormone?

Accepted Answer

A)   prostaglandin
B)   testosterone
C)   estradiol
D)   insulin
E)   glucagonF) B) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 13

Which lipoprotein particle transports triacylglycerols from the intestine?

Accepted Answer

A)   chylomicron
B)   very low density lipoprotein
C)   intermediate density lipoprotein
D)   low density lipoprotein
E)   high density lipoproteinF) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 14

Explain this statement: "Fats burn in the flame of carbohydrates."

Accepted Answer

Acetyl CoA formed from fatty acids canno...

Question 15

The coenzyme that supplies the reductive power for fatty acid synthesis is ______________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The coenzyme that supplies the reductive power...

Question 16

How is pyrophosphate formation an important theme in biochemistry?

Accepted Answer

The hydrolysis of inorganic pyrophosphat...

Question 17

What molecule is used to transport acetyl groups from the matrix to the cytoplasm?

Accepted Answer

A)   acetyl-carnitine
B)   succinyl CoA
C)   oxaloacetate
D)    α\alphaα -ketoglutarate
E)   citrate F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 18

How many rounds of  β\betaβ  oxidation would be required for a 16-C fatty acyl chain to be degraded completely to acetyl-CoA?

Accepted Answer

A)   7
B)   8
C)   15
D)   16
E)   None of the answers is correct. F) B) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 19

What is the fate of glycerol released during lipolysis?

Accepted Answer

The glycerol is absorbed by th...

Question 20

How is acetyl CoA carboxylase regulated globally?

Accepted Answer

A)   By formation of inactive fibers
B)   By the enzyme being switched off by phosphorylation and activated by dephosphorylation
C)   By zymogen activation
D)   By the binding of cAMP
E)   None of the answers is correct.F) C) and E)
G) B) and D)

Exam 22: Fatty Acid Metabolism

The function of the enzyme acyl CoA synthetase is

Correct Answer
verified

The first step of $\beta$ oxidation is a(n) _________-linked oxidation of the fatty acyl chain.

Correct Answer
verified
flavin

Describe the processes that dietary triacylglycerols must go through to be absorbed by intestines and transported in the blood stream.

Correct Answer
verified
The triacylglycerols must be digested pr...
View Answer

Why is the anhydrous nature of triacylglycerols important in energy efficiency?

Correct Answer
verified
Carbohydrates need to be hydrated to be ...
View Answer

Why are triacylglycerols an excellent design for energy stores?

Correct Answer
verified
E

The synthesis of fatty acids takes place in the _____________ of the cell.

Correct Answer
verified

What types of reactions do cobalamin enzymes catalyze?

Correct Answer
verified

What cholesterol derivatives facilitate the digestion of fats by incorporating dietary triacylglycerols into micelles in the intestine?

Correct Answer
verified

How are unsaturated fatty acids degraded?

How does fatty acid oxidation differ in peroxisomes?

Correct Answer
verified

What pathway degrades an acyl-CoA into acetyl CoA?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is an example of a short-lived, local-acting hormone?

Correct Answer
verified

Which lipoprotein particle transports triacylglycerols from the intestine?

Correct Answer
verified

Explain this statement: "Fats burn in the flame of carbohydrates."

Correct Answer
verified
Acetyl CoA formed from fatty acids canno...
View Answer

The coenzyme that supplies the reductive power for fatty acid synthesis is ______________.

Correct Answer
verified

How is pyrophosphate formation an important theme in biochemistry?

Correct Answer
verified
The hydrolysis of inorganic pyrophosphat...
View Answer

What molecule is used to transport acetyl groups from the matrix to the cytoplasm?

Correct Answer
verified

How many rounds of $\beta$ oxidation would be required for a 16-C fatty acyl chain to be degraded completely to acetyl-CoA?

Correct Answer
verified

What is the fate of glycerol released during lipolysis?

Correct Answer
verified
The glycerol is absorbed by th...
View Answer

How is acetyl CoA carboxylase regulated globally?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 22: Fatty Acid Metabolism

The function of the enzyme acyl CoA synthetase is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The first step of β\betaβ oxidation is a(n) _________-linked oxidation of the fatty acyl chain.

Correct Answerverifiedflavin

Describe the processes that dietary triacylglycerols must go through to be absorbed by intestines and transported in the blood stream.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe triacylglycerols must be digested pr...View AnswerShow Answer

Why is the anhydrous nature of triacylglycerols important in energy efficiency?

Correct AnswerverifiedCarbohydrates need to be hydrated to be ...View AnswerShow Answer

Why are triacylglycerols an excellent design for energy stores?

Correct AnswerverifiedE

The synthesis of fatty acids takes place in the _____________ of the cell.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What types of reactions do cobalamin enzymes catalyze?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What cholesterol derivatives facilitate the digestion of fats by incorporating dietary triacylglycerols into micelles in the intestine?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How are unsaturated fatty acids degraded?

How does fatty acid oxidation differ in peroxisomes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What pathway degrades an acyl-CoA into acetyl CoA?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is an example of a short-lived, local-acting hormone?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which lipoprotein particle transports triacylglycerols from the intestine?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explain this statement: "Fats burn in the flame of carbohydrates."

Correct AnswerverifiedAcetyl CoA formed from fatty acids canno...View AnswerShow Answer

The coenzyme that supplies the reductive power for fatty acid synthesis is ______________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How is pyrophosphate formation an important theme in biochemistry?

Correct AnswerverifiedThe hydrolysis of inorganic pyrophosphat...View AnswerShow Answer

What molecule is used to transport acetyl groups from the matrix to the cytoplasm?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How many rounds of β\betaβ oxidation would be required for a 16-C fatty acyl chain to be degraded completely to acetyl-CoA?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the fate of glycerol released during lipolysis?

Correct AnswerverifiedThe glycerol is absorbed by th...View AnswerShow Answer

How is acetyl CoA carboxylase regulated globally?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

The first step of $\beta$ oxidation is a(n) _________-linked oxidation of the fatty acyl chain.

Correct Answer
verified
flavin

Correct Answer
verified
The triacylglycerols must be digested pr...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified
Carbohydrates need to be hydrated to be ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified
E

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Acetyl CoA formed from fatty acids canno...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
The hydrolysis of inorganic pyrophosphat...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

How many rounds of $\beta$ oxidation would be required for a 16-C fatty acyl chain to be degraded completely to acetyl-CoA?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
The glycerol is absorbed by th...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified